What this tool estimates
Holding cost is the price of keeping stock on the shelf: the cash tied up in it, the space and handling it needs, the insurance and taxes on it, and the value lost to obsolescence and shrinkage. The tool applies your annual holding rate to average inventory value: annual holding cost = average inventory value × holding rate.
Inputs to verify
Value stock at cost, not selling price. If capital is your own cash, the cost of capital is what that money could otherwise earn or repay. Storage should include the warehouse share, utilities, and handling labor that scale with inventory.
Component rates
Building the rate from components keeps the estimate auditable: capital, storage, insurance and taxes, and obsolescence and shrinkage. Their sum is the effective annual rate the tool applies.